Operation and maintenance (O&M) are crucial for ensuring the efficient and long-lasting performance of equipment, machinery, and infrastructure. Effective O&M practices involve regular inspections, preventive maintenance, and timely repairs to minimize downtime and enhance productivity. Proper operation ensures that equipment runs smoothly and efficiently, reducing wear and tear. Maintenance, whether preventive or corrective, helps prevent unexpected failures, extending the lifespan of assets. A well-structured O&M plan includes routine checks, performance monitoring, and adherence to safety standards, ensuring operational efficiency and worker safety. It also involves training personnel to handle machinery properly and troubleshoot minor issues before they escalate. In industries like manufacturing, power plants, and construction, O&M plays a vital role in reducing operational costs and improving overall performance. By implementing best practices and leveraging technology, businesses can optimize resources, enhance reliability, and ensure sustainability. A proactive O&M approach leads to fewer disruptions, increased efficiency, and better long-term results.